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James Weldon Johnson (1871-1938): Bibliography




"Theatre Des Nations." Cahiers de la Compagnie Madeleine Renaud-Jean Louis Barrault 61 (1967).

Adelman, Lynn. "A Study of James Weldon Johnson." Journal of Negro History 52.2 (1967): 128-45.

Ahlin, Lena M. E. "The 'New Negro' in the Old World: Culture and Performance in James Weldon Johnson, Jessie Fauset, and Nella Larsen." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section C: Worldwide 65.4 (2004): 876.

Amann, Clarence A. "Three Negro Classics-an Estimate." Negro American Literature Forum 4.4 (1970): 113-19.

Andrade, Heather Russell. "Revising Critical Judgments of the Autobiography of an Ex- Coloured Man." African American Review 40.2 (2006): 257-70.

Aptheker, Herbert. "(W. E. B.) Dubois on James Weldon Johnson." Journal of Negro History 52.3 (1967): 224-27.

Askew, Timothy Almon. "Cultural Hegemony and African-American Patriotism: An Analysis of the Song 'Lift Every Voice and Sing'." Dissertation Abstracts International 57.4 (1996): 1614A.

Bacote, Clarence A. "James Weldon Johnson and Atlanta University." Phylon: The Atlanta University Review of Race and Culture 32.4 (1971): 333-43.

Badaracco, Claire Hoertz. "The Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man by James Weldon Johnson: The 1927 Knopf Edition." Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America 96.2 (2002): 279-87.

Baker, Houston A., Jr. "A Forgotten Prototype: The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man and Invisible Man." Virginia Quarterly Review: A National Journal of Literature and Discussion 49 (1973): 433-49.

---. Singers of Daybreak: Studies in Black American Literature. Washington : Howard UP, 1974.

Baker, Houston A. Unsettling Blackness. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 2000.

Balter, Ariel. "The Color of Money in The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." American Ethnic and Cultural Studies (American Ethnic and Cultural Studies). Eds. Goldstein, David S. and Audrey B. Thacker. Seattle, WA: U of Washington P, 2007. xi, 320 pp. Print.

Barnhart, Bruce. "Chronopolitics and Race, Rag-Time and Symphonic Time in the Autobiogrpahy of an Ex-Colored Man." African American Review 40.3 (2006): 551-69.

Barnhart, Bruce Evan. "The Novel in the Time of Jazz: Race and Temporality in the Teens and Twenties." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 66.8 (2006): 2930.

Bausch, Susan Elaine. "Crimes of Passing: The Criminalization of Blackness and Miscegenation in U. S. Passing Narratives." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 66.5 (2005): 1765.

Benson, Melanie R. "'Disturbing the Calculation': The Narcissistic Arithmetic of Three Southern Writers." Mississippi Quarterly: The Journal of Southern Cultures 56.4 (2003): 633-45.

Benson, Melanie R. Disturbing Calculations: The Economics of Identity in Postcolonial Southern Literature, 1912-2002. New Southern Studies (New Southern Studies). Athens, GA: U of Georgia P, 2008. Print.

Bergevin, Gerald W. "Theorizing through an Ethnic Lens." Modern Language Studies 26.4 (1996): 13-26.

Biers, Katherine Laura. "Afterimages of the Feminine: The Emergence of Modernist Mass Culture." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 63.4 (2002): 1332.

Bombergen, Anne. "Passing through Europe: Race and National Identity in James Weldon Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man and James Baldwin's Giovanni's Room." Journal of American Studies of Turkey 13 (2001): 23-32.

Bontemps, Arna. "The Relevance of Paul Laurence Dunbar." A Singer in the Dawn: Reinterpretations of Paul Laurence Dunbar. Ed. Jay Martin: Dodd, Mead, New York Pagination: 45-53, 1975. 255.

Brooks, Neil. "On Becoming an Ex-Colored Man: Postmodern Irony and the Extinguishing of Certainties in the Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man." Race-Ing Representation: Voice, History, and Sexuality. Eds. Kostas Myrsiades and Linda Myrsiades. Culture and Education: Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, MD Pagination: 84-97, 1998. vi, 281.

---. "On Becoming an Ex-Man: Postmodern Irony and the Extinguishing of Certainties in the Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man." College Literature 22.3 (1995): 17-29.

Brown, Lloyd W. "Black Biographies." Conch Review of Books: A Literary Supplement on Africa 2 (1974): 199-204.

Brown, Michael R. "Five Afro-American Poets: A History of the Major Poets and Their Poetry in the Harlem Renaissance." Dissertation Abstracts International 32 (1972): 3990A.

Byrd, Rudolph P. Generations in Black and White: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten. Athens, GA : U of Georgia P, 1993.

Carroll, Anne. "Art, Literature, and the Harlem Renaissance: The Messages of God's Trombones." College Literature 29.3 (2002): 57-82.

Carroll, Richard A. "Black Racial Spirit: James Weldon Johnson's Critical Perspective." Phylon: The Atlanta University Review of Race and Culture 32.4 (1971): 344-64.

Chakkalakal, Tess. "'Making a Collection': James Weldon Johnson and the Mission of African American Literature." South Atlantic Quarterly 104.3 (2005): 521-.

Chen, Wilson Chih-Tong. "Entanglements of U. S. Empire: Race, Nation and the Problem of Imperialism in the Writings of Carlos Bulosan, James Weldon Johnson, and C. L. R. James." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 64.8 (2004): 2885.

Clarke, Cheryl. "Race, Homosocial Desire, and 'Mammon' in Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." Professions of Desire: Lesbian and Gay Studies in Literature. Eds. George E. Haggerty and Bonnie Zimmerman: Mod. Lang. Assn. of Amer., New York Pagination: 84-97, 1995. xii, 246.

Collier, Eugenia W. "The Endless Journey of an Ex-Coloured Man." Phylon: The Atlanta University Review of Race and Culture 32 (1971): 365-73.

---. "James Weldon Johnson: Mirror of Change." Phylon: The Atlanta University Review of Race and Culture 21 (1960): 351-59.

Cooper, Grace C. "Black Preaching Style in James Weldon Johnson's God's Trombones." MAWA Review 4.1 (1989): 13-16.

Copans, Sin- J. "James Weldon Johnson Et Le Patrimoine Culturel Des Noirs Africains." Cahiers de la Compagnie Madeleine Renaud-Jean Louis Barrault 61 (1967): 42-48.

Davis, James Cyril. "Race and American Narratives of Counter-Publicity, 1890-1930." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 61.11 (2001): 4384.

Dexl, Carmen. "Ambiguity and the Ethics of Reading Race and Lynching in James W. Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (1912)." COPAS: Current Objectives of Postgraduate American Studies 10 (2009): (no pagination). Print.

Donaghy, Daniel. "Writing through Resistance: African-American Writers and Their Audiences, 1912-1932." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 67.4 (2006): 1338.

Dowling, Robert M. "A Marginal Man in Black Bohemia: James Weldon Johnson in the New York Tenderloin." Post-Bellum, Pre-Harlem: African American Literature and Culture. Eds. Barbara McCaskill and Caroline Gebhard: New York UP, New York, NY Pagination: 117-32, 2006. xiv, 298.

Dowling, Robert M. Slumming in New York: From the Waterfront to Mythic Harlem. Urbana, IL: U of Illinois P, 2007. Print.

Dudley, John. "Inside and Outside the Ring: Manhood, Race, and Art in American Literary Naturalism." College Literature 29.1 (2002): 53-82.

Faulkner, Howard. "James Weldon Johnson's Portrait of the Artist as Invisible Man." Black American Literature Forum 19.4 (1985): 147-51.

Favor, J. Martin. "Building Black: Constructions of Multiple African American Subject Positions in Novels by James Weldon Johnson, Jean Toomer, Nella Larsen and George S. Schuyler." Dissertation Abstracts International 54.7 (1994): 2577A-78A.

Fleming, Robert E. "The Composition of James Weldon Johnson's 'Fifty Years'." American Poetry 4.2 (1987): 51-56.

---. "Contemporary Themes in Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex- Coloured Man." Negro American Literature Forum 4.4 (1970): 120-24.

---. "Irony as a Key to Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex- Coloured Man." American Literature: A Journal of Literary History, Criticism, and Bibliography 43.1 (1971): 83-96.

---. James Weldon Johnson. 530: Boston : Twayne, 1987.

---. James Weldon Johnson and Arna Wendell Bontemps: A Reference Guide. Boston : Hall, 1978., 1979.

---. "James Weldon Johnson's God's Trombones as a Source for Faulkner's Rev'un Shegog." College Language Association Journal 36.1 (1992): 24-30.

---. "Kingsblood Royal and the Black 'Passing' Novel." Critical Essays on Sinclair Lewis. Ed. Martin Bucco. Critical Essays on American Literature (Ceal): Hall, Boston Pagination: 213-221, 1986. 242.

Gallego, Mar. Passing Novels in the Harlem Renaissance: Identity Politics and Textual Strategies. 8 Toc: Du Bois, Bakhtin, and the Black Feminist Critics: The Challenge of Double Consciousness Questioning Race and Identity: The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man by James Weldon Johnson Black No More or Chaos on the Other Side 'Ain't I a Woman' and a Mother? Sexuality and Motherhood in Nella Larsen's Quicksand and Passing Female Fancy in Plum Bun by Jessie Fauset: Münster, Germany : LIT, 2003.

Garrett, Marvin P. "Early Recollections and Structural Irony in the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." Critique: Studies in Modern Fiction 13.3 (1971): 5-.

Gebhard, Caroline. "Inventing a 'Negro Literature': Race, Dialect, and Gender in the Early Work of Paul Lawrence Dunbar, James Weldon Johnson, and Alice Dunbar-Nelson." Post-Bellum, Pre-Harlem: African American Literature and Culture. Eds. Barbara McCaskill and Caroline Gebhard: New York UP, New York, NY Pagination: 162-78, 2006. xiv, 298.

Gilmore, Michael T. "Politics and the Writer's Career: Two Cases." Reciprocal Influences: Literary Production, Distribution, and Consumption in America. Eds. Steven Fink and Susan S. Williams: Ohio State UP, Columbus, OH Pagination: 199-212, 1999. viii, 220.

Goellnicht, Donald C. "Passing as Autobiography: James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." African American Review 30.1 (1996): 17-33.

Goldsby, Jacqueline. A Spectacular Secret: Lynching in American Life and Literature. Chicago, IL : U of Chicago P, 2006.

Goldsby, Jacqueline Denise. "After Great Pain: The Cultural Logic of Lynching and the Problem of Realist Representation in America, 1882-1922." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 60.4 (1999): 1132.

Greene, J. Lee. "The Pain and the Beauty: The South, the Black Writer, and Conventions of the Picaresque." The American South: Portrait of a Culture. Ed. Louis D. Rubin. Southern Literary Studies: Louisiana State UP, Baton Rouge Pagination: 264-88, 1980. 379.

Griffiths, Frederick T. "Copy Wright: What Is an (Invisible) Author?" New Literary History: A Journal of Theory and Interpretation 33.2 (2002): 315-41.

Harmon, Judith Eilene Brown. "James Weldon Johnson, a New Negro: A Study of His Early Life and Literary Career, 1871-1916." Dissertation Abstracts International 49.10 (1989): 3065A.

Hawkins, Alfonso Wilson, Jr. "The Musical Tradition as an Affirmation of Cultural Identity in African American Autobiography." Dissertation Abstracts International 54.2 (1993): 519A.

Hibbard, Addison. "Aesop in Negro Dialect." American Speech: A Quarterly of Linguistic Usage 1.9 (1926): 495-99.

Hurd, Myles Raymond. "Rhetoric Versus Eloquence in the Afro-American Double Narrative: Perspectives on Audience, Ambivalence, and Ambiguity." Dissertation Abstracts International 46.2 (1985): 421A.

Hutchinson, George B. "The Whitman Legacy and the Harlem Renaissance." Walt Whitman: The Centennial Essays. Eds. Ed Folsom and Guido Villa: U of Iowa P, Iowa City Pagination: 201-16, 1994. xxiii, 262.

Jackson, Miles, Jr. "James Weldon Johnson." Black World 19.8 (1970): 32-34.

Japtok, Martin. "Between 'Race' as Construct and 'Race' as Essence: The Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." Southern Literary Journal 28.2 (1996): 32-47.

Johnson, James Weldon. "'the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man: (Passing for) Black Passing for White." Passing and the Fictions of Identity. Ed. Elaine K. Ginsberg. New Americanists: Duke UP, Durham, NC Pagination: 59-74, 1996. vii, 298.

---. "From Preface to the Books of American Negro Spirituals." Signifyin(G), Sanctifyin', & Slam Dunking: A Reader in African American Expressive Culture. Ed. Gena Dagel Caponi: U of Massachusetts P, Amherst, MA Pagination: 45-71, 1999. viii, 467.

---. The Second Book of Negro Spirituals. 1926.

Jones, Jacqueline C. "The Unknown Patron: Harold Jackman and the Harlem Renaissance Archives." Langston Hughes Review 19 (2004): 55-66.

Kanazawa, Satoshi. "Torikku Beibi No Higeki: Konketsu Toiu Boryoku." Eigo Seinen/Rising Generation 148.6 (2002): 346-49.

Kardos, Michael. "Musical and Ideological Synthesis in James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of a Ex-Colored Man." Music and Literary Modernism: Critical Essays and Comparative Studies. Ed. McParland, Robert P. Newcastle upon Tyne, England: Cambridge Scholars, 2009. vi, 260 pp. Print.

Katainen, V. Louise. "Sharing the Passion: Jacopone Da Todi's 'Donna Del Paradiso' and James Weldon Johnson's 'the Crucifixion'." Medieval Perspectives 7 (1992): 108-23.

Kawash, Samira. "The Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man: (Passing for) Black Passing for White." Passing and the Fictions of Identity. Ed. Elaine Ginsberg. New Americanists: Duke UP, Durham, NC Pagination: 59-74, 1996. vii, 298.

Kinnamon, Keneth. "James Weldon Johnson." Afro-American Writers from the Harlem Renaissance to 1940. Eds. Trudier Harris and Thadious M. Davis. Dictionary of Literary Biography (Dlb) Number: 51: 7Letras, Detroit, MI Pagination: 168-82, 1987. xv, 333.

---. "Three Black Writers and the Anthologized Canon." American Realism and the Canon. Eds. Tom Quirk and Gary Scharnhorst: U of Delaware P, Newark Pagination: 143-53, 1994. 227.

---. "Three Black Writers and the Anthologized Canon." American Literary Realism 23.3 (1991): 42-51.

Koprince, Susan J. "Femininity and the Harlem Experience: A Note on James Weldon Johnson." College Language Association Journal 29.1 (1985): 52-56.

Kostelanetz, Richard. Politics in the African-American Novel: James Weldon Johnson, W. E. B. Du Bois, Richard Wright, and Ralph Ellison. 143: New York : Greenwood, 1991.

---. "The Politics of Passing: The Fiction of James Weldon Johnson." Negro American Literature Forum 3.1 (1969): 22-24.

Lamothe, Daphne. Inventing the New Negro: Narrative, Culture, and Ethnography. Philadelphia, PA: U of Pennsylvania P, 2008. Print.

Lawson, James Weldon. "Odysseus's Revenge: The Names on the Title Page of the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." Southern Literary Journal 21.2 (1989): 92-99.

Levy, Eugene. James Weldon Johnson: Black Leader, Black Voice. Chicago : U. of Chicago P, 1973.

---. "Ragtime and Race Pride: The Career of James Weldon Johnson." Journal of Popular Culture 1 (1968): 357-70.

Lewis, David Levering. "Dr. Johnson's Friends: Civil Rights by Copyright During Harlem's Mid-Twenties." Massachusetts Review: A Quarterly of Literature, the Arts and Public Affairs 20 (1979): 501-19.

Logan, Rayford W. "James Weldon Johnson and Haiti." Phylon: The Atlanta University Review of Race and Culture 32.4 (1971): 396-402.

Long, Richard A. "A Weapon of My Song: The Poetry of James Weldon Johnson." Phylon: The Atlanta University Review of Race and Culture 32.4 (1971): 374-82.

MacKethan, Lucinda H. "Black Boy and Ex-Coloured Man: Version and Inversion of the Slave Narrator's Quest for Voice." College Language Association Journal 32.2 (1988): 123-47.

Margolies, Edward. New York and the Literary Imagination: The City in Twentieth Century Fiction and Drama. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2008. Print.

Marren, Susan, and Robert Cochran. "Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." Explicator 60.3 (2002): 147-49.

Marren, Susan Marie. "Passing for American: Establishing American Identity in the Work of James Weldon, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Nella Larsen and Gertrude Stein." Dissertation Abstracts International 56.12 (1996): 4774A.

Mason, Julian. "James Weldon Johnson: A Southern Writer Resists the South." College Language Association Journal 31.2 (1987): 154-69.

McCarthy, Timothy Patrick. "Legalizing Cultural Anxieties: Plessy, Race and Literary Representations of 'Passing' in James Weldon Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." Griot: Official Journal of the Southern Conference on Afro- American Studies, Inc. 16.1 (1997): 1-10.

Miller, Ruth, and Peter J. Katopes. "The Harlem Renaissance: Arna W. Bontemps, Countee Cullen, James Weldon Johnson, Claude Mckay, and Jean Toomer." Black American Writers: Bibliographical Essays, I: The Beginnings through the Harlem Renaissance and Langston Hughes. Ed. M. Thomas Inge: St. Martin's, New York Pagination: 161-86, 1978. Duke, Maurice Bryer, Jackson R. 217.

Millican, Arthenia B. "James Weldon Johnson: In Quest of an Afrocentric Tradition for Black American Literature." Dissertation Abstracts International 33 (1972): 2385A-.

Morgan, Thomas L. "The City as Refuge: Constructing Urban Blackness in Paul Laurence Dunbar's the Sport of the Gods and James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." African American Review 38.2 (2004): 213-37.

Morrisette, Noelle. "'Past Performances' of the Negro: James Weldon Johnson's Black Manhattan." Obsidian III: Literature in the African Diaspora 5.2 (2004): 151-68.

Morrissette, Noelle Anne. "Critical Fictions: The Prose Writings of James Weldon Johnson." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 63.3 (2002): 946.

Nadel, Alan. "The Intergrated Literary Tradition." A Historical Guide to Ralph Ellison. Ed. Steven C. Tracy. Historical Guides to American Authors (Hgaa): Oxford UP, Oxford, England Pagination: 143-70, 2004. xiii, 276.

Newton, Adam Zachary. "Incognito Ergo Sum: 'Ex' Marks the Spot in Cahan, Johnson, Larsen, and Yezierska." Race and the Modern Artist. Eds. Heather Hathaway, Josef Jarab and Jeffrey Melnick. W. E. B. Du Bois Institute Series (Wdbis): Oxford UP, Oxford, England Pagination: 140-84, 2003. xiii, 266.

Nowlin, Michael. "James Weldon Johnson's Black Manhattan and the Kingdom of American Culture." African American Review 39.3 (2005): 315-25.

Nownes, Nicholas L. "Public Acts and Private Utterances in James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." Southern Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal of the South 12.1-2 (2005): 63-77.

Okeke-Ezigbo, Felix C. "Eagle against Buzzard: The Dialect Poetry of Paul Laurence Dunbar and James Weldon Johnson." Dissertation Abstracts International 40 (1979): 2065A.

Oliver, Lawrence J. "Writing from the Right During the 'Red Decade': Thomas Dixon's Attack on W. E. B. Du Bois and James Weldon Johnson in Flaming Sword." American Literature: A Journal of Literary History, Criticism, and Bibliography 70.1 (1998): 131-52.

Oliver, Lawrence J., and Terri L. Walker. "James Weldon Johnson's New York Age Essays on the Birth of a Nation and the 'Southern Oligarchy'." South Central Review 10.4 (1993): 1-17.

O'Sullivan, Maurice J., Jr. "Of Souls and Pottage: James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." College Language Association Journal 23 (1979): 60-70.

Page, Amanda M. "The Ever-Expanding South: James Weldon Johnson and the Rhetoric of the Global Color Line." Southern Quarterly: A Journal of the Arts in the South 46.3 (2009): 26-46. Print.

Paris, Peter J. "Basic African American Values: Gifts to the World." Soundings: An Interdisciplinary Journal 81.3-4 (1998): 553-70.

Payne, Ladell. "Themes and Cadences: James Weldon Johnson's Novel." Southern Literary Journal 11.2 (1979): 43-55.

Perry, Ruth Anna. "Variations on the Protest Theme in the Novels of Dunbar, Chesnutt, Johnson, and Ellison." Dissertation Abstracts International 41 (1980): 1599A.

Pettinger, Alasdair. "'Talking Patriots': Americans, Haiti and 'the Negro Problem'." Studies in Travel Writing 1 (1997): 141-69.

Pfeiffer, Kathleen. "Individualism, Success, and American Identity in the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." African American Review 30.3 (1996): 403-19.

Pfeiffer, Kathleen Anne. "All the Difference: Race Passing and American Individualism." Dissertation Abstracts International 56.6 (1995): 2240A-41A.

Pisiak, Roxanna. "Irony and Subversion in James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." Studies in American Fiction 21.1 (1993): 83-.

Portelli, Alessandro. "The Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man Di James Weldon Johnson." Studi Americani 18 (1972): 241-68.

---. "The Tragedy and the Joke: James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." Temples for Tomorrow: Looking Back at the Harlem Renaissance. Eds. Geneviève Fabre and Michel Feith: Indiana UP, Bloomington, IN Pagination: 143-58, 2001. x, 392.

Powell, Tamara. "Looking toward the Future: Examining the Tangibility of Margins in James Weldon Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man." Publications of the Mississippi Philological Association (2004): 27-36.

Pratt, Louis Hill. "James Weldon Johnson (1871-1938)." African American Authors, 1745-1945: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook. Ed. Emmanuel S. Nelson: Greenwood, Westport, CT Pagination: 297-305, 2000. xvi, 525.

---. "'Saving Black Men's Bodies and White Men's Souls': James Weldon Johnson as Social Critic." MAWA Review 15.1-2 (2000): 1-8.

Redding, Saunders. "James Weldon Johnson and the Pastoral Tradition." Mississippi Quarterly: The Journal of Southern Culture 28 (1975): 417-21.

Richardson, Ben, and William A. Fahey. Great American Negroes. New York, NY : Thomas Y. Crowell, 1956.

Rogal, Samuel J. "The Homiletic and Hymnodic Elements in the Poetry of James Weldon Johnson." Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings Journal of Florida Literature 7 (1996): 113-21.

Rosenberg, Judith A. "Assimilation and Metaphor: A Study of American Identity in the Fiction of Edith Wharton, James Weldon Johnson, and Abraham Cahan." Dissertation Abstracts International 53.5 (1992): 1520A.

Ross, Stephen M. "Audience and Irony in Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex- Coloured Man." College Language Association Journal 18 (1974): 198-210.

Rottenberg, Catherine. "Race and Ethnicity in the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man and the Rise of David Levitsky: The Performative Difference." MELUS: The Journal of the Society for the Study of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the United States 29.3-4 (2004): 307-21.

Ruotolo, Cristina L. "James Weldon Johnson and the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Musician." American Literature: A Journal of Literary History, Criticism, and Bibliography 72.2 (2000): 249-.

Russell, Heather. Legba's Crossing: Narratology in the African Atlantic. Athens, GA: U of Georgia P, 2009. Print.

Sato, Hiroko. "Zora Neale Hurston to No Deai." Eigo Seinen/Rising Generation 149.8 (2003): 479.

Saunders, James Robert. "Greater 'Truth' in 'Fiction': A Study of Four Black Writers." Dissertation Abstracts International 47.6 (1986): 2161A.

Schulz, Jennifer L. "Restaging the Racial Contract: James Weldon Johnson's Signatory Strategies." American Literature: A Journal of Literary History, Criticism, and Bibliography 74.1 (2002): 31-58.

Scruggs, Charles. "H. L. Mencken and James Weldon Johnson: Tow Men Who Helped Shape a Renaissance." Critical Essays on H. L. Mencken. Ed. Douglas C. Stenerson. Critical Essays on American Literature (Ceal): Hall, Boston Pagination: 186-203, 1987. 214.

Seniors, Paula Marie. Beyond Lift Every Voice and Sing: The Culture of Uplift, Identity, and Politics in Black Musical Theater. Black Performance and Cultural Criticism (Black Performance and Cultural Criticism). Columbus, OH: Ohio State UP, 2009. Print.

Sheehy, John. "The Mirror and the Veil: The Passing Novel and the Quest for American Racial Identity." African American Review 33.3 (1999): 401-15.

Sheldon, Glenn. "Doubt and Denial in Johnson's Novel." MAWA Review 13.2 (1998): 96-98.

Skerrett, Joseph T., Jr. "Irony and Symbolic Action in James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." American Quarterly 32 (1980): 540-58.

---. "Take My Burden Up: Three Studies in Psychobiographical Criticism and Afro-American Fiction." Dissertation Abstracts International 36 (1975): 3719A.

Smith, James McCune, et al. "African American Males." American Public Discourse: A Multicultural Perspective. Ed. Ronald K. Burke: UP of America, Lanham, MD Pagination: 105-53, 1992. xii, 328.

Smith, Valerie Ann. "'the Singer in One's Soul': Storytelling in the Fiction of James Weldon Johnson, Richard Wright, Ralph Ellison, and Toni Morrison." Dissertation Abstracts International 43.7 (1983): 2350A.

Spaulding, A. Timothy. "The Cultural Matrix of Ragtime in James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." Genre: Forms of Discourse and Culture 37.2 (2004): 225-44.

Stepto, Robert B. From Behind the Veil: A Study of Afro-American Narrative. Urbana : U of Illinois P, 1979.

Stetson, Earlene. "The Mulatto Motif in Black Fiction." Dissertation Abstracts International 37 (1977): 5129A.

Sundquist, Eric J., and Wayne Mixon. The Hammers of Creation: Folk Culture in Modern African- American Fiction. 35: Athens, GA : U of Georgia P, 1992.

Tate, Ernest Cater. "The Social Implications of the Writings and the Career of James Weldon Johnson." Dissertation Abstracts 20 (1959): 1357.

Thaggert, Miriam. "The Literary Picturesque: Gender, the Body, and Visual Culture in the African-American Renaissance." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 65.2 (2004): 522.

Thompson, Audrey. "Great Plains Pragmatist: Aaron Douglas and the Art of Social Protest." Great Plains Quarterly 20.4 (2000): 311-22.

Thompson, Carlyle Van. "The 'White' to Pass: Miscegenation, Mimicry, and Masquerade in Chesnutt, Johnson, Larsen, and Faulkner." Dissertation Abstracts International, Section A: The Humanities and Social Sciences 58.9 (1998): 3530.

Vauthier, Simone. "The Interplay of Narrative Modes in James Weldon Johnson's the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." Jahrbuch fur Amerikastudien 18 (1973): 173-81.

Wald, Gayle. "The Satire of Race in James Weldon Johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." Cross- Addressing: Resistance Literature and Cultural Borders. Ed. John C. Hawley. Suny Series in Postmodern Culture (Suspc): State U of New York P, Albany, NY Pagination: 139-55, 1996. x, 309.

Walker, F. Patton. "The Narrator's Editorialist Voice in the Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man." CLA Journal 41.1 (1997): 70-92.

Warren, Kenneth W. "Troubled Black Humanity in the Souls of Black Folk and the Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man." The Cambridge Companion to American Realism and Naturalism: Howells to London. Ed. Donald Pizer. Cambridge Companions to Literature: Cambridge UP, Cambridge Pagination: 263-77, 1995. xvi, 287.

Washington, Salim. "Of Black Bards, Known and Unknown: Music as Racial Metaphor in James Weldon Johnson's: The Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man." Callaloo: A Journal of African-American and African Arts and Letters 25.1 (2002): 233-56.

Whalan, Mark. ""How Did They Pick John Doe': Race, Memorialization, and Modernism in Us Interwar Literature." Modernism and Mourning. Eds. Patricia Rae and Jahan Ramazani: Bucknell UP, Lewisburg, PA Pagination: 85-101, 2007. 310.

Whalum, Wendell P. "James Weldon Johnson's Theories and Performance Practices of Afro-American Folksong." Phylon: The Atlanta University Review of Race and Culture 32.4 (1971): 383-95.

Wilson, Sondra Kathryn. The Selected Writings of James Weldon Johnson, Volume I: The New York Age Editorials (1914-1923). New York : Oxford UP, 1995.

---. The Selected Writings of James Weldon Johnson, Volume Ii: Social, Political, and Literary Essays. New York : Oxford UP, 1995.

Witalec, Janet, and Trudier Harris-Lopez. Harlem Renaissance: A Gale Critical Companion. Detroit, MI : Gale, 2002.

Young, Vershawn Ashanti. "So Black I'm Blue." Minnesota Review: A Journal of Committed Writing 58-60 (2003): 207-17.

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Comments to D. Campbell